KONTEKSTUALISASI ROMA 13:1-7 Tanggung Jawab Manusia sebagai Warga Negara Indonesia Untuk Membayar Pajak Kepada Pemerintah
Tanggung Jawab Manusia sebagai Warga Negara Indonesia Untuk Membayar Pajak Kepada Pemerintah
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.52960/a.v5i1.411Keywords:
act of faithfulness, awareness of paying taxes, civic duty, IndonesiaAbstract
Abstract
The awareness of paying taxes plays a crucial role in maintaining economic stability and supporting national development. However, in Indonesia, this awareness remains low, posing a significant challenge for the government. This study focuses on analyzing this phenomenon from a theological perspective, using the text of Romans 13:1-7. The Historical-Critical interpretation method is applied to uncover the meaning of the text. The research examines the historical, political, economic, cultural, social contexts, and Paul's background in encouraging obedience to the government as an ethical calling for Christians. Additionally, a qualitative method is employed to gather data from internet sources regarding the low tax compliance rates in Indonesia. The findings reveal that Paul emphasizes the importance of supporting the government as an institution established by God to maintain order and justice in society. The implications of this interpretation can help enhance the ethical awareness of Indonesians regarding their tax obligations, which are not only a civic duty but also an act of faithfulness. Thus, this study provides the perspective that paying taxes is part of an ethical and faith-based calling, which can motivate citizens to be more compliant in fulfilling their tax responsibilities.
Keywords: act of faithfulness, awareness of paying taxes, civic duty, Indonesia.
References
Barclay, John M. G. (2022). Paul and the Gift. Grand Rapids: Eerdmans.
Barclay, John M. G. (2022). Paul and the Power of Grace. Grand Rapids: Baker Academic.
Barth, Markus. (2020). The Epistle to the Romans. New York: Harper & Row.
Bates, Matthew W. (2020). Salvation by Allegiance Alone: Rethinking Faith, Works, and the Gospel of Jesus the King. Grand Rapids: Baker Academic.
Creswell, John W. (2023). Research Design: Qualitative, Quantitative, and Mixed Methods Approaches. Los Angeles: Sage Publications.
DeSilva, David A. (2022). An Introduction to the New Testament: Contexts, Methods & Ministry Formation. Downers Grove: IVP Academic.
Donahue, John R. (2022). The Letter to the Romans: A Theological Interpretation. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Donahue, John R. (2022). The Theology of the Letter to the Romans. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Dunn, James D.G. (2021). The Theology of Paul the Apostle. Grand Rapids: Eerdmans.
Fitzmyer, Joseph A. (2023). Romans: A New Translation with Introduction and Commentary. New York: Doubleday.
Gundry, Robert H. (2021). Commentary on Romans. Grand Rapids: Zondervan.
Gupta, Nijay K. (2020). Paul and the Language of Faith. Grand Rapids: Eerdmans.
Hays, Richard B. (2021). Reading Romans in the Theological Interpretation of Scripture. Grand Rapids: Baker Academic.
Hays, Richard B. (2023). The Letter to the Romans: A Commentary. Grand Rapids: Eerdmans.
Horrell, David G. (2020). Solidarity and Difference: A Contemporary Reading of Paul's Ethics. London: Bloomsbury T&T Clark.
Horrell, David G. (2021). The Social and Political Teachings of the Apostle Paul. London: Routledge.
Horrell, David G. (2022). Paul’s Epistle to the Romans: Theological Introduction. New York: Bloomsbury.
Jipp, Joshua W. (2020). Paul's Political Theology: Imperialism, Cruciformity, and the Gospel of the Messiah. Grand Rapids: Eerdmans.
Keener, Craig S. (2021). Romans: A New Commentary. Grand Rapids: Eerdmans.
Keener, Craig S. (2022). Romans: A New Covenant Commentary. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Levine, Amy-Jill. (2024). The Bible and the Political: A Theological Approach. New York: Oxford University Press.
Longenecker, Richard N. (2020). Romans. Grand Rapids: Eerdmans.
Longenecker, Richard N. (2021). The Epistle to the Romans. Grand Rapids: Eerdmans.
McKnight, Scot. (2019). Reading Romans Backwards: A Gospel of Peace in the Midst of Empire. Waco: Baylor University Press.
Moo, Douglas J. (2021). The Epistle to the Romans. Grand Rapids: Eerdmans.
Moo, Douglas J. (2021). The Letter to the Romans. Grand Rapids: Eerdmans.
Osborne, Grant. (2020). The Hermeneutical Spiral: A Comprehensive Introduction to Biblical Interpretation. Downers Grove: IVP Academic.
Porter, Stanley E. (2023). The Letter to the Romans: A Linguistic and Literary Commentary. Grand Rapids: Eerdmans.
Spurgeon, Andrew B. (2022). Romans: A Pastoral and Contextual Commentary. Carlisle: Langham Global Library.
Westerholm, Stephen. (2022). The New Perspective on Paul: An Introduction. Grand Rapids: Baker Academic.
White, Benjamin D. (2023). Christianity and Political Authority. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Wright, N.T. (2020). Paul and the Faithfulness of God. Minneapolis: Fortress Press.
Wall, Robert W. (2022). The New Testament: A Historical and Theological Introduction. San Francisco: Harper One.
Hafer, Carleton (2021). Where Does Obedience to Government End? Understanding Romans 13:1–7. Liberty University: Eleutheria 5, no. 2 Desember, 234-257.
Janlika Putri Indah Sari (2022), 50 Persen Masyarakat Indonesia Malas Bayar Pajak Kendaraan. Diakses 25 Oktober 2024, https://otomotif.kompas.com/read/2022/10/07/062420115/50-persen-masyarakat-indonesia-malas-bayar-pajak-kendaraan.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2025 Jefri Lorens. A Sine

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Apostolos: Journal Theology and Christian Education is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License















