Apostolos: Journal of Theology and Christian Education

Church planting Menurut Tim Morey dan Implementasinya Terhadap Gereja ONKP Jemaat Pinang Sebatang Timur Resort Riau

2025-03-28T10:41:40+08:00

Gereja merupakan salah satu karya terbesar Allah di bumi. Melalui gereja Injil dapat diberitakan kepada semua bangsa. Namun, merintis gereja dewasa ini jauh dari teladan Yesus Kristus. Banyak gembala yang terjebak dalam sikap hanya ingin mencari ketenaran dan kuantitas jemaat. Mereka tidak mempedulikan kerohanian mereka. Gembala yang memiliki pemikiran untuk diperhatikan dan dipuji; kurangnya kesabaran gembala terhadap orang-orang yang mereka gembalakan; kebutuhan gembala untuk terlihat “sukses”, kecenderungan gembala untuk mengatur para pemimpin awam secara berlebihan agar mereka tidak melakukan kesalahan. Hal ini justru akan berdampak pada gereja yang dipimpin. Oleh karena itu, tujuan penelitian ini adalah menawarkan sebuah gagasan mengenai church planting menurut Tim Morrey. Metode yang digunakan di dalam penelitian ini studi literatur. Sumber utama di dalam penelitian ini adalah memakai buku Tim Morey yang berjudul “Planting a church without losing your soul.” Kemudian penulis menggunakan sumber kedua seperti jurnal, buku, pemikiran dari bapa gereja untuk mendapatkan jawaban dari permasalahan yang ada. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa kesehatan rohani seorang gembala harus menjadi kunci untuk merintis sebuah gereja.

Kata kunci: Church planting, gembala, gereja, jemaat.

Filosofi Liang serta Sumbangsihnya bagi Keberlanjutan Ekologi dan Kaitannya dengan Kejadian 2:15: Kajian Ekoteolgi Kontekstual

2025-03-28T10:43:22+08:00

Liang is a cemetery for the Toraja people. The cemetery is a rock cliff carved into which bodies were placed. This research aims to investigate Liang's philosophy and its contribution to ecological sustainability and its relationship to Genesis 2:15. The urgency of this research is that the problem of land use which contributes to environmental damage can be handled well if there is awareness to look again at how local craftsmanship is actually pro-nature and friendly towards ecology and its relation to Stewardship responsibilities in Kej. 2:15. This research uses qualitative research methods through field research and literature study. The results of this research are that the philosophy of Liang as a burial place for the Torajan people describes local wisdom that is full of ecological value. The choice to bury bodies in cliffs or rock caves reflects the view that land is a productive source of life—a place to grow crops for human survival. By not using land as a burial ground, the Torajan people show high ecological awareness, namely maintaining the land so that it continues to function as a productive resource. This shows that local traditions are able to provide solutions to environmental sustainability issues.

Justification According to Reformation Thought and the Council of Trent and Its Implications for Modern Christianity

2025-05-28T11:22:09+08:00

This research examines one of the theological issues that is considered as a central issue in the study of Christian theology, namely Justification. The main focus of the study of justification in this research is directed to the debate between the thoughts of reform theolog, especially Martin Luther, and the decisions of the Council of Trent regarding the issue of justification by faith. This study uses a qualitative descriptive method by conducting a literature review of several scientific works, both books and articles, whose topics of study are related to theological subject matter, namely justification by faith according to the Council of Trent and Protestant Reformation thought. The findings of this study are that in essence the two opinions have the same starting point regarding the concept of justification as God's gift, but the basic difference is that Luther's thought as a reformer wanted to release the concept of justification as God's sovereign gift from all human intervention through services or deeds. Good. While the Council of Trent decided in its Decree that it was impossible to separate justification by the grace of God from good works

Nore Kore: Hospitalitas Menurut Lukas 10: 25-35 dalam Kehidupan Masyarakat Suku Lani Papua

2025-03-28T10:51:10+08:00

The purpose of this paper is to describe the embodiment of the hospitality life attitude of the Lani people in Papua through the Nore Kore principle of life based on Luke 10:25-36 about the church's call to live for others. The research method used is ethnographic qualitative research. Data collection techniques use observation and interviews. The results obtained from this study are Nore Kore is an attitude of hospitality life manifested in community life by the Lani people in Papua wherever they are, they can be open to others. This is the church's call not to be exclusive but to be open to be present and live for others. This research is expected to be a contribution to the church to be able to see others just as God sees them, He does not want a single person to perish.

KONTEKSTUALISASI ROMA 13:1-7 Tanggung Jawab Manusia sebagai Warga Negara Indonesia Untuk Membayar Pajak Kepada Pemerintah

2025-05-22T15:21:18+08:00

Abstract

The awareness of paying taxes plays a crucial role in maintaining economic stability and supporting national development. However, in Indonesia, this awareness remains low, posing a significant challenge for the government. This study focuses on analyzing this phenomenon from a theological perspective, using the text of Romans 13:1-7. The Historical-Critical interpretation method is applied to uncover the meaning of the text. The research examines the historical, political, economic, cultural, social contexts, and Paul's background in encouraging obedience to the government as an ethical calling for Christians. Additionally, a qualitative method is employed to gather data from internet sources regarding the low tax compliance rates in Indonesia. The findings reveal that Paul emphasizes the importance of supporting the government as an institution established by God to maintain order and justice in society. The implications of this interpretation can help enhance the ethical awareness of Indonesians regarding their tax obligations, which are not only a civic duty but also an act of faithfulness. Thus, this study provides the perspective that paying taxes is part of an ethical and faith-based calling, which can motivate citizens to be more compliant in fulfilling their tax responsibilities.

Keywords: act of faithfulness, awareness of paying taxes, civic duty, Indonesia.

Kedudukan Hukum Janda dalam Perjanjian Baru berdasarkan Tiga Aspek: Anak, Harta Warisan, dan Relasi dengan Allah

2025-05-28T11:30:07+08:00

In the New Testament, we can find various texts that speak about widows, especially in the Synoptic Gospels, the Acts of the Apostles, and Paul's Letters. Generally speaking, widows were regarded as a disadvantaged or underprivileged social group in Jewish society. Widows often faced negative stigma, particularly those who did not have children or an inheritance from their deceased husbands. The purpose of this writing is to gain an understanding of the legal status of widows in Jewish society during the New Testament period, particularly according to the authors Luke and Paul, especially in 1 Timothy. To achieve this, the writer will study and analyze various texts or literature (textual analysis), especially the Gospel of Luke and Paul's Letters to Timothy, which discuss the legal status of widows, including literature from the Rabbinic tradition. Based on this study, it becomes evident that the status of widows in Jewish society during the New Testament period was not always negative. The status of being a widow was also viewed positively, with legal guarantees and protections. These guarantees were influenced by three important aspects: children, inheritance, and the widow's relationship with God. These aspects significantly determined the status of widows in Jewish society during the New Testament period.